Building a sustainable and effective federally funded program
An environmental scan of publicly financed dental care was undertaken in 2022 and the following key findings emerged:
The full report can be accessed online:
https://caphd.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Canada-Dental-environmentscan-UofT-20221017.pdf
Highlighted in the chart below are excerpts from this report that provide an overview of the main programs, eligibility and services covered, by province and territory that were in effect as of 2021.
Please note that this is not a comprehensive list of all provincial and territorial public dental programs in Canada, but it does provide an outline of the majority of programs available.
This except from “Environmental scan of publicly financed dental care in Canada: 2022 update” by Farmer J, Singhal S, Ghoneim A, Proaño D, Moharrami M, Kaura K, McIntyre J, Quiñonez C. has been reprinted by permission. The report was commissioned by the Office of the Chief Dental Officer of Canada.
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
BC Employment and Assistance (BCEA) Program |
Dental Supplements: Different levels of coverage are provided depending on the person’s client category and age. SDPR clients entitled to basic dental services:
|
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Healthy Kids |
Children under 19 years of age, in families approved for supplementary benefits by the Medical Services Plan (MSP) through the Ministry of Health, are automatically registered with the Healthy Kids Program. Children are eligible for $2000 of basic dental services every two years and access to emergency coverage for the relief of pain should they exhaust their two year limit. |
Emergency: diagnostic, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, oral surgery, prosthodontic Basic: diagnostic, preventive, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic, oral surgery. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Alberta Health- Provincial Oral Health Action Plan. |
Preschool fluoride varnish treatment service:
School fluoride varnish treatment service:
School dental sealant service:
Oral health in Continuing Care:
Low-income Albertans who are residents of Alberta and are without dental insurance.
Dental Outreach Program (DOP) Satellite Clinics:
|
|
Alberta Health- Oral and Maxillofacial Devices and Services Program |
Dental services are in relation to severe oral/facial conditions caused by birth defects, jaw abnormalities (tumors), major facial trauma or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. |
Services may include:
|
Community and Social Services- Income and Employment Supports. |
Income Support:
|
on a month-to-month basis and list eligible household members. Basic dental services follow those outlined under Alberta Adult Health Benefit. Benefits are for the duration of the training program via a Health Benefits Card for learner and partner/spouse, if applicable. Basic dental services follow those outlined under Alberta Adult Health Benefit. Eligible children are enrolled in the Alberta Child Heath Benefit Program. |
Alberta Adult Health Benefit (AAHB) |
Eligible clients must live in Alberta, be a Canadian citizen or have permanent resident status, meet income guidelines and not be in receipt of other provincial or federal government health benefits. If recipient/household members have coverage through another health benefits plan, that plan must be used first. |
Benefits are for the year and are obtained via a Health Benefits Card. Covers basic services including examinations, x-rays, teeth cleaning, extractions, fillings and dentures. |
Alberta Child Health Benefit (ACHB) |
Eligible clients must live in Alberta, be a Canadian citizen or have permanent resident status, meet income guidelines and not be in receipt of other provincial or federal government health benefits. If recipient/household members have coverage through another health benefits plan, that plan must be used first. |
Benefits are for the year and are obtained via a Health Benefits Card. Covers basic services including examinations, x-rays, teeth cleaning, extractions, and fillings. |
Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped (AISH) |
Eligible clients must be at least 18 years old, must live in Alberta, be a Canadian citizen or have permanent resident status, meet income guidelines and not reside in a correctional or mental health facility. A partner or spouse and dependent children may also be eligible. |
Benefits are obtained via a Health Benefit Card. Services include check-ups, cleaning teeth, x-rays, fillings, extractions, dentures, other dental services |
Family Support for Children with Disabilities |
Parents are responsible for typical dental care costs. A dentist must provide information verifying which dental treatments or procedures are directly attributable to the child’s disability |
Dental or orthodontic costs and procedures deemed necessary and attributable to their child’s disability. This includes:
|
Children’s Services- Child guardianship, foster care and kinship care |
Dental services are covered under the child’s PHN or under the child’s Treatment Service Card (TSC), or for a First Nations child, through their treaty number |
Dental services are covered under the Treatment Services Card (TSC). Caregivers need to check with the dental office to ensure that services are covered prior to the appointment. |
Child, Youth and Family Enhancement Act (CYFEA) |
Children in custody or under guardianship of the act up to age 20. |
Services include check-ups, cleaning teeth, x-rays, fillings, extractions, dentures, other dental services. |
Senior and Housing- Dental and Optical Assistance for Seniors |
Clients must be age 65 years or older, reside in Alberta for at least 3 months, be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and meet financial guidelines. Services are either partially or fully funded for allowable procedures based on qualifying income. |
|
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Ministry of Health- Supplementary Health (SH) and Family Health Benefits (FH). |
Provides coverage for dental services for persons nominated by the Ministry of Social Services and Justice. Includes children <18 of low income working families who meet the standards of an income test or are receiving the Saskatchewan Employment Supplement. |
Coverage includes a range of basic dental services (preventive, restorative, exodontia and prosthetic) required to maintain good dental health. |
Medical Services Plan |
Insured surgical dental services are those that are medically necessary and must be carried out in a hospital or office-based setting. |
In Saskatchewan, routine dental services are not covered. The Ministry of Health does cover the following:
|
Enhanced Preventive Dental Services (EPDS) |
0-5 years of age Grades 1,2,7 & 8 children identified as high risk |
An upstream intervention intended to supplement existing efforts to help improve children’s oral health by increasing access to care, preventive services and early education for children at risk. These services focus on oral health assessments, referrals and follow-up services, fluoride varnish, and dental sealants in grades 1, 2, 7 and 8 students in high risk schools |
Regional Health Authorities- SHA additional programming |
Children 0-16; prenatal women; vulnerable adults, long term care residents. Eligibility criteria varies across service networks |
The SHA dental programs and dental public health clinic’s deliver dental health education, diagnostic, preventive, restorative dental services and referral services to eligible people in SHA. These services also include the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). The SHA has implemented Better Oral Health in Long Term Care programs in areas throughout the province. This includes assessments, referrals, preventive services, daily care, and staff education; in some areas private practice dentists provide dental treatment in SHA homes. *services vary across service networks SHA conducts dental public health surveillance via a dental screening of grade 1 and 7 students every 5 years. This is to monitor oral health status with the Canadian Oral Health Framework; it also supports program planning based on community oral health status/needs (across all SHA) |
Athabasca Health Authority Community Dental Program/COHI |
Children ages 0 -7 First Nation children living on reserve, pregnant women, parents and caregivers. School age children ages 4 to 16 (grades Pre K to 7) |
To improve the oral health of all children of the basin by promoting prevention and health promotion for all ages. Enhanced Dental services offered to all school aged children brushing program, fluoride varnish program, one on one oral health education, provide basic dental treatment, offer dental health education to all grades. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Health Services – Dental Program |
Those receiving Employment Income Assistance (EIA) – adults and families up to age 65 - Single Parents General Assistance - Persons with Disabilities - Children in Care |
Basic diagnostic, preventive, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic, oral surgery services. |
Manitoba Health- Medical Program |
Services performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or licensed dentists when hospitalization is required; provides orthodontic benefits in cases of cleft lip and palate for persons registered by 18yrs, when provided by an orthodontist. |
Various oral surgical, oral medicine and pathology, dental technical, and orthodontic procedures. |
Healthy Smile Happy Child (HSHC) |
At risk children, families, caregivers in rural and urban populations. |
Educational resources, prevention. |
Mount Carmel Dental Clinic |
Individuals and Families with or without insurance that fall under the LICO (Low Income cut off before taxes) for Canada. |
Routine dentistry – extractions (basic, single, no impacted wisdom teeth); New patient examination, emergency specific exam Dental hygiene – cleanings, scaling, oral health instructions, fluoride, SDF; Spacers for children and night guards for adults Referrals to other services not covered. |
Winnipeg Regional Health Authority (WRHA) – S.M.I.L.E. plus |
Children under 18 years from low-income families without private dental insurance. |
Preventive and basic treatment services, referrals for more complex care. |
Manitoba Health and Seniors Care- Public Health – Oral Health |
Province wide |
Education, prevention, policy, community water fluoridation. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Ministry of Health- Healthy Smiles Ontario |
Dental program that provides free preventive, routine, and emergency dental services for children and youth 17 years old and under from low-income households. |
Check-ups, Cleaning, Fillings (for a cavity), Xrays, Scaling, Tooth extraction, urgent or emergency dental care (including treatment of a child’s toothache or tooth pain). |
Ontario Seniors Dental Care Program (OSDCP) |
The Ontario Seniors Dental Care Program is a government funded dental care program. It provides free, routine dental services for low-income seniors who are 65 years of age or older, residents of Ontario, meet the income requirements: an annual net income of $22,200 or less for a single senior or a combined annual net income of $37,100 or less for a couple, and have no other form of dental benefits, including private insurance or dental coverage under another government program such as Ontario Works, Ontario Disability Support Program or Non-Insured Health Benefits. |
Coverage includes: Checkups, including scaling, fluoride and polishing, repairing broken teeth and cavities, x-rays, removing teeth or abnormal tissue (oral surgery), anesthesia, treating infection and pain (endodontic services), treating gum conditions and diseases (periodontal services). |
Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services- Ontario Works. |
Program eligibility is based on an assessment of financial need; determined according to family size, income, assets, and shelter costs. |
Dental benefits for dependent children aged 17 and under are provided by the Ministry of Health’s Healthy Smiles Ontario Program. Dependent children whose Ontario Works is being provided by a designated First Nations Ontario Works delivery partner have access to mandatory dental benefits under Ontario Works (the MCCSS dental schedule is often used). Ontario Works recipients 18 years of age and older may apply for funding to cover the cost of dental services as a health-related discretionary benefit through Ontario Works. |
Ontario Disability Support Program |
Basic coverage for ODSP recipients and spouses 18 years of age and older. Some additional services are available under the Dental Special Care Plan (DSCP) if a person’s disability, prescribed medications or medical treatment affect their oral health. |
Basic diagnostic, preventive, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic and oral surgery services. DSCP services can include additional recall exams, teeth cleaning, fluoride treatments, custom fluoride appliances, bruxism appliances, crowns and some periodontal surgery |
Assistance for Children with Severe Disabilities (ACSD) Program |
Dental benefits for children receiving ACSD are provided by the Ministry of Health’s Healthy Smiles Ontario (HSO) Program. |
Basic diagnostic, preventive, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic, oral surgery services HSO’s dental schedule includes a Dental Special Care Plan (DSCP) which provides coverage for additional services and/or limitations for Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP) and Assistance for Children with Severe Disabilities (ACSD) clients whose medical and/or psychosocial condition, or prescribed medication or medical treatment impacts their oral health and/or dental treatment. Or whose oral health impacts their medical and/or psychosocial condition and/or their medical treatment. The DSCP provides more frequent services such as recall exams, scaling/root planning and additional services such as bruxism appliances and grafts. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Oral Surgery Services in Hospitals |
Everyone |
|
Dental Services for Children |
<10yrs |
|
Dental Services for Social Assistance For Children Recipients And Dependants |
>10 yrs |
Idem: Dental services |
>12 yrs |
Addition of oral hygiene instruction, dental prophylaxis |
|
<13 yrs |
Addition of root canal treatment on a permanent tooth |
|
12-15 yrs |
Addition of topical fluoride application |
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>16 yrs |
Addition of scaling |
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During the waiting period (12 months) |
Emergency services only |
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After 24 months of waiting period |
Addition of acrylic removable prosthodontics (complete and partial) (each 8 years), relining (each 5 years), denture repairs |
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Québec Elementary and Secondary School Dental Sealant And Cavity Prevention Program |
Students identified at high risk of dental caries in elementary school (kindergarten, 1st and 2nd year) and high school (2nd grade). |
Dental sealants and fluoride varnishes, oral hygiene education |
Québec Oral Health Care And Daily Care Program For Residents Of Public Long-Term Care Facilities |
People living in public or agreement private Long term care centres |
|
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Department of Social Development- Healthy Smiles, Clear Vision |
Children of families in receipt of Social Assistance and children of low income families are eligible to receive dental services even if the parent(s) do not receive Social Assistance. |
The dental program covers basic items, such as regular exams, Xrays, restorations, extractions, preventative treatments such as sealants and fluoride treatments. There is a yearly maximum of $1,000 for dental coverage. |
Health Services Dental Program |
This program assists clients of this department who are over the age of 19 with coverage for specific dental benefits that are not covered by other agencies or private health insurance plans. Benefits are negotiated with the New Brunswick Dental Society and the New Brunswick Denturists Society. This program is available to:
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Benefits covered under this program are:
This program does not cover:
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Department of Health- Insured Surgical-Dental Services |
Insured surgical-dental services are prescribed under the Medical Services Payment Act. |
Various oral and maxillofacial procedures. |
Cancer Related Osseointegrated Implants and Oral Prosthetics Program (COIOPP) |
Dental work related to head or neck cancer – by prior approval only. |
Dental extractions, dental implants, obturators, various prostheses. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Department of Community Services- Employment Support and Income Assistance |
Available to all eligible ESIA recipients, spouses, and dependents not covered by MSI. If there is private health coverage, that is billed first andprogram will cover any remaining unpaid balance as long as it is an approved service. |
ESIA recipients, spouses, and dependents not covered by MSI. If there is private health coverage, that is billed first and program will cover any remaining unpaid balance as long as it is an approved service. Coverage may be provided in accordance with the approved contracted service under the following circumstances: 1. for the relief of pain; 2. for control of prolonged bleeding; 3. for treatment of swollen tissue; 4. for provision or repair of broken dentures; and/or 5. for dental problems identified as barriers to employment. Emergency dental care, some diagnostic, restorative, prosthodontic, endodontic, and oral surgical services Assistance pays 80% of 2014 Dental and Denturists Rate Schedules, 20% patient, can be means tested. |
Disability Support Program |
All participants of DSP can apply for a Dental coverage as per the Special Needs Policy. |
Emergency dental care, some diagnostic, preventive, restorative, prosthodontic, endodontic, and oral surgical services DSP policy allows for coverage of dental procedures up to 100% of the 2014 fee guides for the Nova Scotia Dental Association and the Denturist Society of Nova Scotia. |
Child and Family Youth Services – includes Children in Care, Youth supported via Youth Services, and Subsidized Adoption. |
In care of the Minister of Community Services the cost of all required dental work required for children in care up to age 19 or 21, when not covered by MSI. |
Diagnostic, preventive, treatment services. Orthodontic work requires additional consideration by the Director of Children in Care (braces, etc.). |
Department of Health and Wellness- Children’s Oral Health Program (COHP) |
Birth to end of the month of the 14th birthday; children are required to access private coverage first, program pays balance. |
Diagnostic, preventive, and treatment services Community-based prevention. |
Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Program |
Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Team registered, but does not guarantee eligibility Those craniofacial anomalies that directly influence growth and development of dentoalveolar and craniofacial structures. |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures beyond the eligibility under COHP. |
Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Program |
Those whose maxillofacial prosthodontic needs result from congenital facial disorders, cancer, trauma, and neurological deficit. |
Various oral surgical and prosthodontic services. |
Individuals with Special Needs |
Anyone deemed mentally challenged by a medical authority, and whose dental needs may necessitate hospitalization. |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures beyond he eligibility under COHP Subject to a 10% premium when delivered in private practice, and 30% premium when in-hospital |
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery |
Anyone whose dental needs may necessitate hospitalization |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
In-Hospital Surgical Dental Services |
All P.E.I. residents |
Medically necessary dental care as defined by the Canada Health Act R.S.C., 1985, c. C-6 and provided under the Health Services Payment Act, R.S.P.E.I. 1988, c. H-2 (Amend 33) |
Provincial Dental Care Program |
A payer-of-last resort program available to all families receiving financial assistance as well as those families that meet the income threshold. Potentially eligible population is 26,400 Financial Assistance recipients – 100% 100% Market Based Measure – 100% coverage 110% Market Based Measure – 80% coverage 120% Market Based Measure – 60% coverage 130% Market Based Measure – 40% coverage 140% Market Based Measure – 20% coverage. |
Annual and emergency dental exam, Cleaning, Sealants, Fluoride application (limited to children and those over 55 years of age), Root Canal Treatment – limited to special circumstances Extraction, Dentures (new dentures limited to one in 10 years and individuals may be required to pay lab fees) In-hospital dental care services limited to children and Access-Ability Support Clients. |
School Oral Health Preventative Dental Program |
All children aged 3- 17 years |
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Children aged 3 – 17 years (coverage limited to children who are not covered by any private dental insurance plan) |
Dental Treatment Services Basic dental services including:
|
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In-hospital Dental Specialist Services Program |
Children without a private dental insurance plan who have medical and/or behavioural problems, which require that a paediatric dental specialist treated them. |
In-hospital provision of CDCP covered services. |
Cleft Palate Orthodontic Treatment Funding Program |
Children who require orthodontic treatment because of a cleft palate. |
Orthodontic treatment (must commence before age 18 years). |
Long Term Care Facilities Dental Program |
Residents of long term care facilities (private and public) in P.E.I. |
Annual screening and referral of residents Preventative services such as scaling fluoride varnish Denture cleaning and labelling In-service education for resident care workers |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Income Support |
13-17 yrs; for families in receipt of Income Support. |
|
Low Income Youth Program |
13-17 yrs for families whose are enrolled in the Newfoundland and Labrador Prescription Drug Program (NLPDP) (low income). |
|
Adult Dental Program |
Beneficiaries must be enrolled in the Foundation, Access and 65+ programs of NLPDP. These are all needs based and are deemed our most financially vulnerable. |
|
Insured Surgical Dental Services |
Valid MCP card Services listed in the Surgical Dental Payment Schedule Provided in a publicly funded facility (hospital). |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures as listed in the Surgical Dental Payment Schedule. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Department of Health and Social Services- Social Assistance Aid for Health Care Services |
Persons receiving social assistance and their household members. |
Basic and major services $1,500 per fiscal year. |
Extended Health Care Benefits |
Seniors 65 and older and their spouses who are 60 and older. |
Basic and major services $1,400 every two years per beneficiary. |
Children’s Dental Program- Children’s School-Based Dental Program |
Children in kindergarten to grade 8 in Whitehorse and children in kindergarten to grade 12 in rural areas where no resident dentist is present. |
Basic and major services |
Preschool Dental Program |
Newborn children to 5 years of age. |
|
Health Care Insurance Plan |
All residents |
In-hospital surgical-dental services. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Department of Health and Social Services- Non Insured Health Benefits |
Registered First Nations and Recognized Inuit |
Emergency, diagnostic, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontics, oral surgery, orthodontic services |
Métis Health Benefits (MHB) |
|
|
Extended Health Benefits (EHB) Seniors Dental Plan |
Individuals who are >60yrs and non-Native or Métis |
Emergency, diagnostic, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontics, oral surgery services |
Indigent Health Benefits (IHB) |
Individuals receiving income assistant payments from Education, Culture, and Employment and are not covered under the NIHB program |
Short-term clients are eligible for emergency benefits only Long-term clients are eligible for NIHB coverage |
EHB for Cleft Lip and Palate |
Individuals who require a hospital stay to receive service. |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures. |
Oral Health Professional Program |
Children, the prenatal population, residents of long term care facilities, and emergencies in adults |
Emergency, preventive, restorative, periodontal, and community health interventions |
Community Fluoride Varnish Program |
Children |
Fluoride varnish |
Oral Health Toolkits in Long Term Care |
Resident of an NWT long term care facility |
Long term care: individualized oral health toolkit and individualized oral health care plan determined by an oral health professional. |
Oral Health Supplies for all NWT Residents |
Resident of the NWT |
4 toothbrushes/year + toothpaste and dental floss freely available to all NWT residents |
Oral Health Community Events |
Open to the general public in seven communities hosting events |
Oral health promotion and education, oral health supplies, activities and resources, oral health community facilitator training and capacity building. |
Early Childhood and School Daily Brushing Programs |
Program available to all licensed daycares, day homes, and schools in the NWT; participation on a voluntary basis. |
Guided daily toothbrushing activity for children, oral health supplies and storage, program guidelines booklet for staff. |
Program or Service |
Eligibility |
Services Covered |
---|---|---|
Department of Health and Social Services - Contracted Dental Services |
Registered First Nations and Inuit |
Emergency, diagnostic, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic, oral surgery, orthodontic services |
Dental Therapy Program |
Children and emergencies in adults |
Emergency, preventive, restorative, periodontal, and oral surgery services; community health interventions |
Prevention Programs |
Everyone |
Oral health education, screening and preventive services provided through Children’s Oral Health Project. |
Seniors Extended Health Benefits |
>60yrs and not eligible other private or public coverage; $1000 annual max |
Emergency, diagnostic, restorative, endodontic, periodontal, prosthodontic, oral surgery services |
In-Hospital Surgical Dental Services |
Services requiring the unique capabilities of a hospital for their performance |
Various oral surgical and dental procedures; oral surgeons are brought to Nunavut on a regular basis, but for medically complicated situations, patients are flown south GA services for children up to and including age 12. Services are provided both in Nunavut, and in southern locations. |
Children’s Oral Health Project |
Ages 0-12 years |
Screening, Fluoride Varnish, SDF, sealants, Glass ionomer restorations, extractions, OHI, referrals. In community oral health coordinators provide ongoing surveillance and preventive services, OHI |