Purpose: The limitations and morbidity associated with autogenous bone grafting have driven the search for predictable bone substitutes and bioimplants. A novel method of reconstruction was tested in this case series.

Materials and Methods: Ten patients with major mandibular defects following resection of biopsy-proven ameloblastoma lesions or osteomyelitis of the mandibular body or ramus were included in this study. The resection defects were spanned with rigid reconstruction plates to hold the remaining mandibular segments in the correct position. The defects were filled with a bioimplant containing bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) in a demineralized bone matrix (DBM) suspended in a reverse-phase medium to effect sustained BMP delivery.

Results: The postoperative course for all 10 patients was uneventful. Radiographic evidence of mandibular bone formation was found in all cases. At the end of 1 year, functional and esthetic reconstruction of the mandible was complete.

Conclusion: Bioimplants containing BMP-7 in DBM suspended in a reverse phase medium were successful in restoring major mandibular defects in nonirradiated beds in this series of 10 patients.